Given a binary search tree (BST), find the lowest common ancestor (LCA) of two given nodes in the BST.
According to the : “The lowest common ancestor is defined between two nodes v and w as the lowest node in T that has both v and w as descendants (where we allow a node to be a descendant of itself).”
_______6______ / \ ___2__ ___8__ / \ / \ 0 _4 7 9 / \ 3 5
For example, the lowest common ancestor (LCA) of nodes 2
and 8
is 6
. Another example is LCA of nodes 2
and 4
is 2
, since a node can be a descendant of itself according to the LCA definition.
这道题让我们求二叉搜索树的最小共同父节点, LeetCode中关于BST的题有, , , , , , 和 。这道题我们可以用递归来求解,我们首先来看题目中给的例子,由于二叉搜索树的特点是左<根<右,所以根节点的值一直都是中间值,大于左子树的所有节点值,小于右子树的所有节点值,那么我们可以做如下的判断,如果根节点的值大于p和q之间的较大值,说明p和q都在左子树中,那么此时我们就进入根节点的左子节点继续递归,如果根节点小于p和q之间的较小值,说明p和q都在右子树中,那么此时我们就进入根节点的右子节点继续递归,如果都不是,则说明当前根节点就是最小共同父节点,直接返回即可,参见代码如下:
解法一:
class Solution {public: TreeNode* lowestCommonAncestor(TreeNode* root, TreeNode* p, TreeNode* q) { if (!root) return NULL; if (root->val > max(p->val, q->val)) return lowestCommonAncestor(root->left, p, q); else if (root->val < min(p->val, q->val)) return lowestCommonAncestor(root->right, p, q); else return root; }};
当然,此题也有非递归的写法,用个while循环来代替递归调用即可,然后不停的更新当前的根节点,也能实现同样的效果,代码如下:
解法二:
class Solution {public: TreeNode* lowestCommonAncestor(TreeNode* root, TreeNode* p, TreeNode* q) { while (true) { if (root->val > max(p->val, q->val)) root = root->left; else if (root->val < min(p->val, q->val)) root = root->right; else break; } return root; }};